Effectiveness of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Index Testing: A Global Scoping Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25259/IJMA_4_2025Keywords:
- Contact Tracing,
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus,
- HIV Testing,
- Index Case Testing,
- Linkage to Care
Abstract
Over 2.5 million people are living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in India. The World Health Organization recommends HIV self-screening and partner notification services. Index testing is a case-finding approach that focuses on eliciting the sexual or needle-sharing partners and biological children of HIV-positive individuals. This review aims to understand the effectiveness of index case testing in the uptake of HIV diagnosis and care.
Methods:A scoping review was conducted to examine the effectiveness of HIV index case testing. Studies published between 2010 and 2024 in English were included. A total of 10 final studies were included in this scoping review. No such studies were found in the Indian context.
Results:The studies were from Zimbabwe, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, Lesotho, Kenya, Zambia, Mozambique, and Ukraine. Sample sizes ranged from under 1,000 individuals to large-scale community-based programs enrolling over 38,000 participants. The studies demonstrated the effectiveness of index case testing in identifying previously undiagnosed HIV infections among sexual partners (up to 51%) and children (4.0–5.8%) of people living with HIV. The studies also indicated high acceptance rates and feasibility of the approach.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications:HIV index case testing presents a valuable strategy for reaching diverse populations at risk for HIV infection and improving care linkages. Further research is needed to explore cost-effectiveness and optimize implementation strategies for various contexts.
Downloads
Similar Articles
- Innocent Anayochukwu Ugwu, Calistus Obiora Nevo, Malachy Nwaeze Ezenwaeze, Antenatal Care Utilization and Delivery Location: Evidence from Postpartum Women in Enugu, South East Nigeria , Vol. 15 (2026): International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
- Isabel Hernandez, Vinita Sharma, Miguel Reina-Ortiz, Carlos Rosas, Tatiana Ochoa, Ricardo Izurieta, Enrique Teran, HIV/AIDS-related Knowledge and Behavior among School-attending Afro-Descendant Youths in Ecuador , Vol. 9 No. 3 (2020): International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
- Akosua A. Gyimah, Emmanuel K. Nakua, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Easmon Otupiri, Contraceptive Characteristics of Women Living with HIV in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana , Vol. 2 No. 1 (2013): International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
- Prakash R Ganesh, Rachel Mernoff, Renske Dikkers, William Nundwe, Rachel Pope, A Comparison of Postoperative Surgical Outcomes among Women Undergoing Obstetric Fistula Repair with and without HIV , Vol. 10 No. 2 (2021): International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
- Ebelechuku F. Ugochukwu, Chinyere U. Onubogu, Emeka S. Edokwe, Uchenna Ekwochi, Kenneth N. Okeke, Esther N. Umeadi, Stanley K. Onah, A Review and Analysis of Outcomes from Prevention of Mother-toChild Transmission of HIV Infant Follow-up Services at a Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit of a Major Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: 2007-2020 , Vol. 10 No. 2 (2021): International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
- Elizabeth Armstrong-Mensah, Damilola Dada, Amber Bowers, Aruba Muhammad, Chisom Nnoli, Geographic, Health Care Access, Racial Discrimination, and Socioeconomic Determinants of Maternal Mortality in Georgia, United States , Vol. 10 No. 2 (2021): International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
- Amina P. Alio, Candace Sibley, Halimah S. Ouedraogo, Stephaun E. Wallace, Steven Wakefield, Damon L. Humes, Sheldon D. Fields, Michael C. Keefer, House Ball Community Leaders’ Perceptions of HIV and HIV Vaccine Research , Vol. 9 No. 1 (2020): International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
- Abou Ba, Fatou K Ndiaye, Yaay J Djeng, Cecile Cames, Aminata Diack, Ousmane N’diaye, Impact of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on Chronic Hepatitis B Serological Markers among Senegalese HIV Co-infected Children , Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
- Cabiria M. Barbosu, Lisette Alcántara, Saloni Sharma, Jahron Marriott, Oksana Babiy, Rebecca Deamer, Marcia Kindlon, Timothy Dye, The Implementation of a State-wide Rapid Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy as a Best Practice in Primary Care Practices Using an Academic Detailing Approach: Lessons Learned from NewYork State, United States , Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022): International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
- Charles Kouanfack, Hermine Meli, Samuel N. Cumber, Fala Bede, Claude N. Nkfusai, Patience Y. Ijang, Emerson Wepngong, Olga Yvonne M. Bassong, Benjamin-Alexandre Nkoum, Non-Occupational HIV Post-exposure Prophylaxis: A 10-Year Retrospective Review of Data Following Sexual Exposure From Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon , Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS
<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright © 2025 Abhiruchi Galhotra, Sanjana Agrawal, Aditi Chandrakar. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc., USA.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , which permits others to remix, transform, and build upon the work non-commercially, provided the original author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the same terms.